Arkansas Barber Practice Exam

What is the primary cause of dandruff?

1. An overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus on the scalp

2. Dry scalp due to weather changes

3. Allergic reaction to hair products

4. Excessive oil production on the scalp

The correct answer is: An overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus on the scalp

The primary cause of dandruff is an overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus on the scalp, specifically a type called Malassezia. This fungus is naturally present on the skin but can become problematic when it proliferates excessively. As it grows, it can lead to irritation and a faster turnover of skin cells, which results in flaking and the visible flakes commonly associated with dandruff. Other factors such as dry scalp, allergic reactions, or excessive oil production can contribute to scalp issues, but they are not the primary cause of dandruff itself. Dry scalp may cause itchiness and flaking, but it doesn't involve the same biological mechanism related to the fungal growth. Allergies to hair products can cause localized irritation and flaking but are more often symptoms rather than a direct cause. Excessive oil production can create an environment conducive to fungal growth but is not the direct cause. Thus, understanding the role of Malassezia is essential in addressing and treating dandruff effectively.