What is the result of improper use of chemical straighteners?

Improper use of chemical straighteners can lead to hair damage and potential scalp irritation primarily due to the strong chemicals involved in these products. These chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide, can cause the hair's protein structure to break down if not applied correctly or left on for too long. This results in weakened hair that can become brittle, dry, and prone to breakage. Additionally, if the chemical solution comes into contact with the scalp, it can cause irritation, burns, or allergic reactions, leading to discomfort and potential long-term scalp issues.

In contrast, the other options imply positive outcomes that result from proper application or different hair treatments altogether. Enhanced shine and smoothness, increased volume and bounce, and long-lasting color retention are effects associated with healthy hair or specific hair services that do not involve the misuse of strong chemical straighteners.